This paper analyzes ethnic conflict and political advocacy surrounding the artisanal lobster fisheries on Corn Island, Nicaragua.  Using a political-ecological approach, it explores the relationship among five user groups.  It illustrates the way in which advocacy can lead to the creation of rival histories supporting cultural identity and resource claims as opposing groups present material intentionally skewed to support their social, economic, and political agenda.

Keywords: Miskito Indians, Black Creoles, ethnic conflict, artisanal fisheries, cultural conservation, political ecology; Nicaragua