Alternative Knowledges, Organic Agriculture, and the Biotechnology Debate
Kristen Lyons
Rural Sociology and Economic Research Centre
Central Queensland University
Geoffrey Lawrence
Institute for Sustainable Regional Development
Central Queensland University
Within a paradigm of reductionist epistemology, agricultural scientists
have employed technologies as mechanisms for increasing the production
efficiency of farming. Biotechnology is one such technology that
is heralded by its proponents as offering a "clean and green" way to improve
efficiency, as well as enabling farmers to remain competitive within the
global economy.
Critics of biotechnology question the benefits of its application --
particularly the social and environmental impacts from its widespread adoption
within modern farming systems. Proponents of sustainable agriculture
argue that without recognition of alternative, and "other," voices within
this debate, it will not be possible to move forward toward a more sustainable
agriculture. By presenting the "voices" of conventional and organic
growers, this paper offers a contribution to the understanding of the social
aspects concerning biotechnological applications within agriculture.
A clear finding from this research is that there is a bifurcation between
attitudes of conventional and organic farmers toward biotechnology and
its contribution to sustainability.
Keywords: biotechnology, farmer attitudes, genetic engineering, organic agriculture, sustainable agriculture
Copyright of the American Anthropological Association, 1999