Culture & Agriculture
A Publication of the Culture and Agriculture Section
American Anthropological Association

ARTICLE ABSTRACT

Alternative Knowledges, Organic Agriculture, and the Biotechnology Debate

Kristen Lyons
Rural Sociology and Economic Research Centre
Central Queensland University

Geoffrey Lawrence
Institute for Sustainable Regional Development
Central Queensland University

Within a paradigm of reductionist epistemology, agricultural scientists have employed technologies as mechanisms for increasing the production efficiency of farming.  Biotechnology is one such technology that is heralded by its proponents as offering a "clean and green" way to improve efficiency, as well as enabling farmers to remain competitive within the global economy.
Critics of biotechnology question the benefits of its application -- particularly the social and environmental impacts from its widespread adoption within modern farming systems.  Proponents of sustainable agriculture argue that without recognition of alternative, and "other," voices within this debate, it will not be possible to move forward toward a more sustainable agriculture.  By presenting the "voices" of conventional and organic growers, this paper offers a contribution to the understanding of the social aspects concerning biotechnological applications within agriculture.  A clear finding from this research is that there is a bifurcation between attitudes of conventional and organic farmers toward biotechnology and its contribution to sustainability.

Keywords: biotechnology, farmer attitudes, genetic engineering, organic agriculture, sustainable agriculture

Copyright of the American Anthropological Association, 1999